Scientists 3D-print muscle tissue in zero gravity

Human health remains one of the greatest challenges in space exploration. When astronauts spend long periods in space, their bodies weaken dramatically—especially their muscles and bones. Now, scientists at ETH Zurich have taken a major step toward solving this problem by successfully 3D-printing human muscle tissue in zero gravity for the first time.

Their groundbreaking work, published in *Advanced Science*, could pave the way for new methods to study diseases and test medicines in space. To simulate the microgravity environment of space, the research team led by Parth Chansoria conducted their experiments during parabolic flights—special aircraft flights that follow an up-and-down trajectory, creating brief periods of weightlessness.

During these fleeting moments of zero gravity, the researchers were able to print tiny, realistic pieces of muscle tissue without the interference of Earth’s gravity.

Printing delicate biological structures such as muscle tissue is a challenging process on Earth. Scientists use a special material known as bio-ink—a gel-like substance that contains living cells. However, when gravity is present, this mixture can sink or deform before it hardens. This often causes 3D-printed structures to collapse or lose their shape, resulting in uneven and less lifelike models of human tissue.

In contrast, microgravity eliminates these issues. The bio-ink and cells remain perfectly suspended, enabling scientists to build muscle fibers that are precisely aligned—just like in the human body. This alignment is critical for creating realistic tissue models needed to accurately study disease progression and drug effects.

To achieve this breakthrough, the ETH Zurich team designed an innovative 3D bioprinting system called G-FLight (short for Gravity-independent Filamented Light). This high-speed printer can produce detailed muscle tissue models within seconds.

During their parabolic flight experiments, the researchers completed 30 cycles of weightless printing using a specially developed bio-resin that keeps the cells alive and stable. The results were impressive: muscle tissue printed in zero gravity exhibited the same cell health and structural integrity as tissue printed on Earth.

Even more promising is that the cell-laden bio-resins can be stored for long periods. This means they could one day be transported to space for experiments aboard the International Space Station (ISS) or future space laboratories.

This achievement marks a crucial step toward tissue engineering in space. By producing realistic human tissues in orbit, scientists can explore medical questions impossible to study on Earth. For example, these tissue models could help uncover the causes of muscle atrophy—the muscle loss astronauts experience in space—or enable the testing of new therapies for muscular diseases such as dystrophy.

According to the ETH Zurich team, their success brings us closer to a future where scientists can grow complex human tissues—and perhaps even miniature organs—beyond Earth’s gravity. In the long run, this technology has the potential to transform both space medicine and human health research here on Earth.
https://knowridge.com/2025/11/scientists-3d-print-muscle-tissue-in-zero-gravity/

JONATHAN TURLEY: Why blue states’ new anti-ICE laws are unconstitutional virtue signaling

Illinois has joined California and Connecticut in barring federal immigration agents from conducting “civil arrests” of undocumented immigrants in or around state courthouses. This new sanctuary law appears largely symbolic and raises serious constitutional questions.

At the core of the issue is whether a state can restrict federal jurisdiction, especially after the Civil War. Illinois Governor JB Pritzker has intensified rhetoric against ICE and the Trump administration for months, making comparisons to Nazis and warning that democracy is at risk. However, the new law crosses a constitutional line by not only limiting Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operations but also establishing a 1,000-foot “buffer zone” around courthouses.

This law treats courthouses like churches, creating sanctuary zones where suspects can claim protection from civil arrest not only inside the building but also within 1,000 feet—unless ICE chooses to ignore the law altogether. Recently, the chief judge in Cook County issued a similar order, and some judges in other states have done the same.

### Legal Challenges and Constitutional Issues

The authority for these sanctuary orders is highly questionable. The federal government enforces laws mandating the arrest of certain individuals for immigration violations. These include mandatory detention of aliens removable due to criminal convictions or terrorism-related activities, as well as detention and removal of those with final deportation orders.

Illinois’ sanctuary law conflicts with the Supremacy Clause of the U.S. Constitution, which states:

> “This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof… shall be the supreme Law of the Land; any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.”

Additionally, the U.S. Supreme Court has consistently rejected efforts by states to interfere with federal immigration enforcement. In the 1952 case *Harisiades v. Shaughnessy*, the Court affirmed that the federal government has “exclusive” control over immigration policy.

Interestingly, former President Barack Obama once successfully challenged state laws that interfered with federal immigration enforcement. In the 2012 case *Arizona v. United States*, the Supreme Court ruled that:

> “[t]he Government of the United States has broad, undoubted power over the subject of immigration and the status of aliens.”

This federal authority dates back to the 19th century. In the 1893 case *Fong Yue Ting v. United States*, the Court held that Congress has the right to expel aliens of a particular class or allow them to remain, using all proper means to enforce the system.

### Additional Provisions and Implications

Illinois’ new law also creates the ability to sue federal authorities for false imprisonment under state law. Furthermore, the 1,000-foot buffer zone extends around any state court, effectively creating safe zones for undocumented immigrants.

This raises practical questions. For instance, could someone renting an apartment within such a zone claim effective immunity from civil arrest simply by residing there? Could suspects use public sidewalks or spaces within these zones to avoid federal enforcement?

Moreover, with states like Illinois pushing apps that track ICE operations, individuals might evade arrest by stepping into designated safe zones. It remains to be seen whether landlords will increase rents in these areas given the new “immunity” amenity.

If deemed constitutional, states could expand these safe zones beyond courthouses to include city services, clinics, and more, creating a patchwork of sanctuary areas that complicate federal enforcement.

Notably, similar tactics have been attempted by blue states to challenge Second Amendment rights, resulting in ongoing legal battles.

### Conclusion

Despite serious constitutional concerns, these sanctuary laws serve political purposes, allowing lawmakers to signal opposition to federal immigration policies. However, the legal weaknesses of the laws may lead to unintended consequences for individuals who mistakenly believe they are fully protected within these safe zones.

As legal challenges unfold, it remains uncertain how these laws will be enforced or whether courts will uphold them against federal authority.

*For more information, click here.*
https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/jonathan-turley-why-blue-states-new-anti-ice-laws-unconstitutional-virtue-signaling

My Current View Of The SP 500 Index: November 2025 (Technical Analysis)

Analyst’s Disclosure: I/we have a beneficial long position in the shares of SPY either through stock ownership, options, or other derivatives. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article. I also own SPXL.

Seeking Alpha’s Disclosure: Past performance is no guarantee of future results. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment is suitable for a particular investor. Any views or opinions expressed above may not reflect those of Seeking Alpha as a whole.

Seeking Alpha is not a licensed securities dealer, broker, or US investment adviser or investment bank. Our analysts are third party authors that include both professional investors and individual investors who may not be licensed or certified by any institute or regulatory body.

https://seekingalpha.com/article/4836757-my-current-view-of-the-sp-500-index-november-2025-technical-analysis?source=feed_all_articles

Wall Street Week Ahead

Seeking Alpha News Quiz: Test Your Investing Knowledge

Up for a challenge? Test your knowledge on the biggest events in the investing world over the past week with the newest Seeking Alpha News Quiz. See how you stack up against the competition and stay informed on the latest market developments.

Wall Street Focus This Week

Wall Street’s attention will largely be on the ongoing earnings season, which is ramping up with hundreds of companies scheduled to report. Market participants will also be watching trade developments closely, along with remarks from Federal Reserve speakers.

Earnings Highlights

This week features earnings reports from several major companies, including:

  • Palantir (PLTR)
  • AMD (AMD)
  • Shopify (SHOP)
  • Uber Technologies (UBER)
  • Amgen (AMGN)
  • Pfizer (PFE)
  • McDonald’s (MCD)
  • Qualcomm (QCOM)
  • Airbnb (ABNB)

Additionally, this week marks a significant—and somewhat ignominious—milestone. Without any new actions, the ongoing U.S. government shutdown will officially become the longest on record this Thursday.

Earnings Calendar:

  • Monday, November 3: Palantir (PLTR), Realty Income (O), ON Semiconductor (ON), Clorox (CLX).
  • Tuesday, November 4: AMD (AMD), Shopify (SHOP), Uber Technologies (UBER), Amgen (AMGN), Pfizer (PFE).
  • Wednesday, November 5: McDonald’s (MCD), AppLovin (APP), Qualcomm (QCOM), Arm (ARM), DoorDash (DASH), Fortinet (FTNT).
  • Thursday, November 6: AstraZeneca (AZN), ConocoPhillips (COP), Airbnb (ABNB), Take-Two (TTWO), Block (XYZ).
  • Friday, November 7: Constellation Energy (CEG), KKR & Co. (KKR), Enbridge (ENB), Duke Energy (DUK).

Market Insights & Expert Commentary

Known for his disciplined, contrarian approach, Taylor has successfully taken profits on 200%+ winners and profited by shorting GDX ahead of the recent market correction. Subscribers benefit from model portfolios, Buy/Sell alerts, sentiment indicators, and real-time strategy updates.

Wheaton Precious Metals (WPM)

Wheaton Precious Metals reported record Q2 2025 results, driven by strong gold and silver production stemming from expansions at Salobo and new output from Blackwater. The company continues to maintain industry-leading margins along with a robust growth pipeline targeting approximately 1 million gold equivalent ounces (GEOs) by 2030.

With $1 billion in cash and major projects like Blackwater, Cangrejos, and Kone advancing, WPM remains a top low-risk silver exposure. However, shares offer limited near-term upside above the current price of $98.

Newmont (NEM)

Newmont’s Q3 2025 gold production fell 15% year-over-year to 1.42 million ounces, largely due to asset divestments. Higher output from Cadia and Brucejack partly offset these declines.

The company reported a 20% rise in revenue to $5.52 billion and saw free cash flow double to $1.57 billion, boosted by record gold prices. Despite lower all-in sustaining costs (AISC) at $1,566 per ounce, under-spending and a weaker 2026 outlook suggest that higher costs may be ahead.

Shares appear fairly valued near $95, offering limited upside with stronger alternatives available, such as Agnico Eagle.

Subscribe for More

Subscribers gain access to real-time trade alerts, model portfolios, and expert commentary from Taylor Dart. For a limited time, new members can save 20% on their subscription. Don’t miss out — learn more and get started today!

In case you missed it, stay tuned for more market insights, earnings updates, and expert strategies here on Seeking Alpha.

https://seekingalpha.com/article/4836754-wall-street-week-ahead?source=feed_all_articles

Other voices: Gerrymandering’s slippery slope

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**Gerrymandering and Its Political Impact**

The gerrymandering doom spiral is gaining downward momentum as expected. Virginia is poised to become the second state, after California, where Democrats seek to undo reforms that removed partisan control from redistricting.

In response to Republican power grabs in other states—especially Texas, where the GOP initiated nationwide partisan conflicts this summer to protect its slim House majority—Democrats currently hold six of Virginia’s 11 congressional seats, reflecting the state’s evenly divided electorate.

By calling a special session, Democrats aim to gain an additional two or three districts through aggressive map redrawing.

California’s redistricting effort will be decided by voters through a special ballot initiative on November 4. Democrats there, who consider themselves defenders of democracy, argue that the only acceptable response to Texas’s “election rigging” is to rig elections themselves. Polls indicate that more than 60% of likely voters support this logic, making Proposition 50 appear likely to pass.

Last month, North Carolina Republicans pushed through a map expected to help their party gain one more seat in next year’s midterms. Missouri Republicans did the same earlier.

Despite confident claims by partisan analysts about redistricting’s effect on Congress’s balance, the outcome remains uncertain. Texas’s efforts might not yield enough seats to stop a possible Democratic wave, nor is a Democratic wave guaranteed, even if historically typical.

Recent political trends suggest caution, especially as young Hispanic and African American men have increasingly moved toward Republicans.

Texas’s mid-decade gerrymandering could backfire on the GOP, considering California is more solidly blue than Texas is red. It could also result in a wash, with broader political trends playing a larger role.

There is also potential for voter backlash against overt partisanship, which could boost Democrats in Texas, where competitive gubernatorial and Senate races loom.

Ultimately, the biggest losers in these changes are voters. By the midterms next year, there will be fewer competitive districts where candidates must genuinely appeal to Americans, particularly independents.

Credit goes to Republican legislators in Indiana and Kansas who have resisted national pressure to gerrymander their states—at least for now. It is unfortunate that many others, including Democrats in Virginia, compromise principles for perceived short-term partisan gain.

— The Washington Post
https://www.twincities.com/2025/11/02/other-voices-gerrymanderings-slippery-slope/

Surprising benefits and risks of diabetes medicine metformin

Metformin is one of the most widely used medicines for treating type 2 diabetes. This condition occurs when the body struggles to keep blood sugar levels under control. Often, this happens because the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or doesn’t respond to it properly.

Insulin is a hormone that helps move sugar from the blood into cells, where it’s used for energy. When insulin doesn’t work well, sugar stays in the blood, which can lead to serious health problems over time.

### How Metformin Works

Metformin helps by lowering the amount of sugar made by the liver. It also improves the body’s response to insulin, making it easier for sugar to move into the cells. This keeps blood sugar levels within a healthy range.

But Metformin does more than just control blood sugar—it also protects the heart. People with diabetes are at a higher risk of heart disease, which can lead to heart attacks or strokes. A well-known study published in *The Lancet* showed that people with diabetes who took Metformin had a 39% lower risk of heart problems compared to those who didn’t take it. This means Metformin helps prevent serious health complications, not just diabetes symptoms.

### Additional Benefits of Metformin

Another advantage of Metformin is its role in supporting weight loss. Many people with type 2 diabetes find it difficult to lose weight, and being overweight can worsen diabetes. Metformin helps by lowering appetite and improving how the body uses insulin. This makes it easier to lose weight and maintain better diabetes control.

Metformin also reduces inflammation in the body. Inflammation occurs when the immune system remains active even without a real threat. Long-term inflammation is associated with diseases such as heart disease and cancer. By lowering inflammation, Metformin might offer additional protection against these serious conditions.

### Possible Side Effects

Like all medicines, Metformin can cause side effects. The most common ones affect the stomach. Some people may experience nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, or vomiting. These symptoms are usually mild and often improve when the medicine is taken with food.

One side effect that doctors monitor is low levels of vitamin B12. Metformin can reduce the body’s ability to absorb this vitamin, which is essential for healthy nerves and blood. If vitamin B12 levels get too low, a person might feel very tired or develop nerve problems. Therefore, doctors sometimes check B12 levels in people taking Metformin long-term.

A rare but serious side effect of Metformin is lactic acidosis. This condition occurs when too much lactic acid builds up in the body and can be life-threatening. It is more likely to happen in people with kidney or liver problems or those taking very high doses of Metformin. That’s why doctors regularly check kidney function before and during treatment.

Metformin can sometimes cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), especially if taken alongside other diabetes medicines or if meals are skipped. Symptoms include shaking, sweating, dizziness, or confusion. If this happens, eating or drinking something sugary and consulting a doctor promptly is important.

### Importance of Regular Medical Check-Ups

Because of these risks, regular visits to a healthcare provider are essential while taking Metformin. Doctors can ensure the medicine is working effectively and check for any complications.

### Conclusion

In conclusion, Metformin is a trusted and effective medicine for people with type 2 diabetes. It lowers blood sugar, protects the heart, supports weight loss, and may help prevent other serious health issues. With regular medical monitoring and proper use, Metformin can help people live longer, healthier lives.

If you are interested in learning more about diabetes, consider reading the following studies:

– *Scientists Find a Promising Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes*
– *Certain Type 2 Diabetes Treatments May Bring Heart Risks*
– *New Type 2 Diabetes Treatment Could Help Patients Stop Taking Insulin*
– *Scientists Find True Cause of Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes*

These resources provide valuable insights into the latest advancements and considerations in diabetes care.
https://knowridge.com/2025/11/surprising-benefits-and-risks-of-diabetes-medicine-metformin/

Liverpool vs Real Madrid Prediction and Betting Tips | November 4 2025

Liverpool Lock Horns with Real Madrid in Blockbuster Champions League Clash

Liverpool will face Real Madrid in a high-stakes UEFA Champions League matchday four showdown on Tuesday. Both sides have showcased strong form, each securing at least two wins from their opening three group games.

### Recent Form and Performance

Arne Slot’s Liverpool ended a troubling run of two consecutive defeats—and six losses in seven matches across all competitions—with an impressive 2-0 home victory over Aston Villa at the weekend. Goals from Mohamed Salah and Ryan Gravenberch helped the Reds climb to third place in the Premier League standings after 10 games, seven points behind leaders Arsenal, who have 25 points.

In Europe, Liverpool bounced back from a 1-0 defeat at Galatasaray in matchday two with a dominant 5-1 away win over Eintracht Frankfurt. They also started their campaign strongly with a 3-1 home victory against Atletico Madrid. Currently, the Reds sit 10th in their group with six points from three games.

Meanwhile, Xabi Alonso’s Real Madrid head into the clash fresh off a commanding 4-0 home win against Valencia. Kylian Mbappe scored twice, alongside strikes from Jude Bellingham and Alvaro Carreras, extending Los Blancos’ lead at the top of La Liga after 11 matches.

In the Champions League, Real Madrid have been in stellar form, becoming one of five teams to win their first three group-stage games, with a 1-0 victory over Juventus in matchday three. The Spaniards are fifth in the group standings.

### Head-to-Head Stats and Key Numbers

In 12 Champions League meetings, Real Madrid lead Liverpool 7-4, though they lost their most recent encounter 2-0 away at Anfield in November 2024. Madrid have won two of their last four visits to Anfield but also suffered that noted defeat. Liverpool have claimed victory in three of their last five competitive home games, losing twice. Real Madrid have won four of their last five road matches, with only one loss.

**Recent Form (last five matches across all competitions):**
– Liverpool: Win, Loss, Loss, Win, Loss
– Real Madrid: Win, Win, Win, Win, Win

### Match Prediction

While Liverpool has experienced inconsistency after a promising start to the season, Real Madrid are enjoying a sustained run of excellent results, currently unbeaten in their last six matches across all competitions. Although Madrid holds a convincing edge in their head-to-head record, the Reds will be eager to avenge their last home loss to the Spanish giants.

Given Real Madrid’s current form and overall advantage, they are favored to edge out a narrow victory in this clash at Anfield.

**Prediction:** Liverpool 0-1 Real Madrid

### Betting Tips

– Tip 1: Real Madrid to win
– Tip 2: Both teams to score – No (In three of their last four meetings, both teams did not score)
– Tip 3: Under 1.5 goals

Stay tuned for what promises to be an exciting and intense Champions League encounter between two European powerhouses.
https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/liverpool-vs-real-madrid-prediction-betting-tips-november-4-2025

Roundtable: Antisemitism From Within

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https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/4350191/posts

Arca’s Jeff Dorman Slams Coinbase CEO for Prediction Market Stunt on Earnings Call

Arca’s Jeff Dorman has openly criticized Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong for referencing prediction market bets during the company’s recent earnings call.

Dorman expressed his disapproval of Armstrong’s approach, describing the mention of prediction markets as a stunt rather than a substantive part of the financial discussion.

This exchange highlights ongoing tensions in the crypto industry regarding communication strategies and the use of unconventional metrics during official company briefings.

The post Arca’s Jeff Dorman Slams Coinbase CEO for Prediction Market Stunt on Earnings Call appeared first on Cryptonews.
https://cryptonews.com/news/arcas-jeff-dorman-slams-coinbase-ceo-for-prediction-market-stunt-on-earnings-call/

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